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वक्रों (x - 1)^(2) + y^(2) = 1 एवं x^(2...

वक्रों `(x - 1)^(2) + y^(2) = 1` एवं `x^(2) + y^(2) = 1` से घिरे क्षेत्र का क्षेत्रफल ज्ञात कीजिए।

लिखित उत्तर

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दिए गए वृत्त हैं, `x^(2) + y^(2) = 1`
तथा `(x - 1)^(2) + y^(2) = 1`
वृत्त (1 ) का केंद्र (0 , 0 ) तथा त्रिज्या 1 है।
वृत्त (2 का केंद्र (1 , 0 ) तथा त्रिज्या 1 है।
`(1) - (2) implies 2x - 1 = 0 implies x = (1)/(2)`
(1) से जब `x = (1)/(2), y^(2) = (3)/(4) :. y = +- (sqrt(3))/(2)`
अभीष्ट क्षेत्रफल = 2 क्षेत्र OABO का क्षेत्रफल
`= 2 int_(0)^(sqrt(3)//2) (x_(1) - x_(2)) dx = 2 int_(0)^(sqrt(3)//2) [sqrt(1 - y^(2)) - (1 - sqrt(1 - y^(2)))]dx`
`[{:((1) से x = +- sqrt(1 - y^(2)) :. चाप AB के लिए x = sqrt(1 - y^(2))),((2) से x - 1 = +- sqrt(1 - y^(2)) :. चाप OA के लिए x = 1 - sqrt(1 - y^(2))):}]`
`= 4 int_(0)^(sqrt(3)//2) sqrt(1 -y^(2)) dy - 2 int_(0)^(sqrt(3)//2) 1 day`
`= 4 [(ysqrt(1 - y^(2)))/(2) + (1)/(2) "sin"^(-1) y]_(0)^(sqrt(3)//2) - 2 [y]_(0)^(sqrt(3)//2)`
`=2 ((sqrt(3))/(2).(1)/(2) + "sin"^(-1) (sqrt(3))/(2)) - 0 - 2 ((sqrt(3))/(2) - 0)`
` = (sqrt(3))/(2) + (2 pi)/(3) = sqrt(3) = (2 pi)/(3) - (sqrt(3))/(2)` वर्ग इकाई
Second method:
अभीष्ट क्षेत्रफल = 2 क्षेत्र OADO का क्षेत्रफल + 2 क्षेत्र DABD का क्षेत्रफल
`= 2 int_(0)^(1//2) y dx + 2 int_(1//2)^(1) dx`
`= 2 int_(0)^(1//2) sqrt(1 - (x - 1)^(2)) dx + 2 int_(1//2)^(1) sqrt(1 - x^(2)) dx`
`= 2 [((x - 1) sqrt(1 - (x - 1)^(2)))/(2) + (1)/(2) "sin"^(-1) ((x - 1)/(1))]_(0)^(1//2) + 2 [(xsqrt(1 - x^(2)))/(2) + (1)/(2) "sin"^(-1) x]_(1//2)^(1)`
`= ((1)/(2) - 1) sqrt(1 - (1)/(4)) + "sin"^(-1) (-(1)/(2) - "sin"^(-1) (-1) + [(0 + "sin"^(-1) 1) - (1)/(2) sqrt(1 - (1)/(4)) - "sin"^(-1) (1)/(2)]`
` = - (sqrt(3))/(4) - (pi)/(6) (-(pi/(2)) + (pi)/(2) - (sqrt(3))/(4) - (pi)/(6) = ((2 pi)/(3) - (sqrt(3))/(2))` वर्ग इकाई
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