Certain hormones also act as tumour promoters and also oncogenic growth factors.
Which statement is correct in this context ?

Options

A. Estrogen act as a carcinogen in females and causes breast cancer.
B. Testosterone causes testicular cancer.
C. Certain hormones promotes proliferation of cancer cells which already undergoes oncogenic transformation.
D. All statements are correct.

Answer

To address the question regarding hormones that act as tumor promoters and oncogenic growth factors, we will analyze the statements provided and determine which one is correct.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Tumors and Hormones**:
- Tumors are masses of cells that grow uncontrollably, leading to cancer.
- Certain hormones can influence the growth of these tumors, either promoting their development or acting as growth factors.

2. **Evaluating the First Statement**:
- The first statement claims that "estrogen acts as a carcinogen and causes breast cancer."
- While estrogen is associated with breast cancer, it is not accurate to label it solely as a carcinogen. Estrogen plays a crucial role in female reproductive health and can promote the growth of certain cancer cells, but it is not the sole cause of breast cancer.

3. **Evaluating the Second Statement**:
- The second statement suggests that "certain hormones promote the proliferation of cancer cells that have already undergone oncogenic transformation."
- This statement is more accurate. Hormones like thyroid hormones can indeed promote the proliferation of cancer cells that have already transformed into a malignant state.

4. **Conclusion**:
- Based on the analysis, the correct statement in the context of hormones acting as tumor promoters and oncogenic growth factors is that certain hormones do promote the proliferation of cancer cells that have already undergone oncogenic transformation.

### Final Answer:
The correct statement is: "Certain hormones promote proliferation of cancer cells which already undergo oncogenic transformation."