The vital centers for control of heart rate , respiratory rate, and blood pressure are located In the

Options

A. cerebellum
B. medulla
C. pons
D. midbrain.

Answer

B

Explanation

The medulla is a part of the brain stem and connects to the spinal cord at the foramen magnum . The following cranial nerves are associated with the medulla: a, XII-hypoglossal nerve , b, XI-spinal accessory nerve , c ,X-vagus nerve , d,IX-glossopharyngeal nerve, e.VIII-stato-acoustic nerve , and f-portions of the facial nerve (VII). The vagus nerve (X) is the most important parasympathetic nerve. Stimulation of vagal fibers slows the heart rate, constricts the smooth muscles of the bronchiral tree, stimulates secretion by the bronchial mucosa, and promotes peristalsis, gastric, and pancreatic secretions. Blood pressure control also involves aortic body, carotid sinus, and carotid body receptor modulation by the glossopharyngeal (IX) and vagus (X) nerves.