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Free enegry , G = H - TS, is state funct...

Free enegry , `G = H - TS`, is state function that indicates whther a reaction is spontaneous or non-spontaneous. If you think of `TS` as the part of the system's enegry that is disordered already, then `(H -TS)` is the part of the system's energy that is still ordered and therefore free to cause spontaneous change by becoming disordered.
Also, `DeltaG = DeltaH - T DeltaS` From the second law of thermodynamics, a reaction is spontaneous if `Delta_("total")S` is positive, non-spontaneous if `Delta_("total")S` is negative, and at equilibrium if `Delta_('total")S` is zero.
Since, `-T DeltaS = DeltaG` and since `DeltaG` and `DeltaS` have opposite sings, we can restate the thermodynamic criterion for the spontaneity of a reaction carried out a constant temperature and pressure.
IF `DeltaG lt 0`, the reaction is spontaneous.
If `DeltaG gt 0`, the reaction is non-spontaneous.
If `DeltaG = 0`, the reaction is at equilibrium.
Read the above paragraph carefully and answer the following questions based on the above comprehension.
If an endothermic reaction is non-spontaneous at freezing point of water and becomes feasible at its boiling point, then

A

`DeltaH is (-ve)` and `DeltaS is (+ve)`.

B

`DeltaH` and `DeltaS` both are `(+ve)`.

C

`DeltaH` and `DeltaS` both are `(-ve)`.

D

`DeltaH` is (+ve)` and `DeltaS is (-ve)`.

Text Solution

Verified by Experts

For endothermic reaction, `DeltaH = +ve. As DeltaG = DeltaH - T DeltaS, is +ve` at low temperature if `DeltaS` is positive but `T DeltaS lt DeltaH`. At high temperature, `TDeltaS gt DeltaH` and `DeltaG` become `-ve`.
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CENGAGE CHEMISTRY-THERMODYNAMICS-Exercises (Linked Comprehension)
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  2. Free enegry , G = H - TS, is state function that indicates whther a re...

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  3. Free enegry , G = H - TS, is state function that indicates whther a re...

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  4. Free enegry , G = H - TS, is state function that indicates whther a re...

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  5. The state of a mole of an ideal gas changed from state A at pressure 2...

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  6. The state of a mole of an ideal gas changed from state A at pressure 2...

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  10. The second law of thermodynamics is a fundamental law of science. In t...

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  12. The second law of thermodynamics is a fundamental law of science. In t...

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