आप निम्नलिखित परिवर्तन कैसे करेंगे ?
(i) Ethanol to but-1-yne
(ii) Ethane to bromethane
(iii) Propene to 1-nitropropane
(iv) Toluene to benzyl alcohol
(v) Propene to propyne
(vi) Ethanol to ethyl fluoride
(vii) Bromomethane to propanone
(viii) But-1-ene to but-2-ene
(ix) 1-chlorobutane to n-octane
(x) Benzene to biphenyl

Explanation

(i) `underset("Ethanol")(CH_(3)CH_(2)OH)underset(-SO_(2),-HCl)overset(SOCl_(2), "Pyridine")rarr underset("Chloroethane")(CH_(3)CH_(2)) underset(-NaCl)overset(HC -= bar(C)Na^(+))rarr underset("But-1-yne")(CH_(3)-CH_(2)-C-=CH)`
(ii) `underset("Ethane")(CH_(3)-CH_(3)) underset(underset(-HBr)(hv or 520-670 K))overset(Br_(2))(rarr)underset("Bromoethane")(CH_(3)-CH_(2)Br)`
(iii) `underset("Propene")(CH_(3)-CH=CH_(2))underset(underset(("anti Markownikoff addition"))("Penroxide"))overset(HBr)(rarr) underset("1-bromopropane")(CH_(3)-CH_(2)-CH_(2)Br) underset(underset(-AgBr)(C_(2)H_(5)OH, 383 K))overset(AgNO_(2))(rarr) underset("1-nitropropane")(CH_(3)CH_(2)CH_(2)NO_(2))`
(iv)
(v) `underset("Propene")(CH_(3)-CH = CH_(2))overset(Br_(2)//"CCl"_(4))rarr CH_(3)-overset(Br)overset(|)(CH)-overset(Br)overset(|)(CH_(2))underset(-2KBR, -2H_(2)O)overset(KOH (alc.), Delta)(rarr) underset("Propyne")(CH_(3)-C-=CH)`
(vi) `underset("Ethanol")(CH_(3)CH_(2)OH) underset(-SO_(2), -HCl)overset(SOCl_(2), "Pyridine")(rarr) underset("Chloroethane")(CH_(3)CH_(2)Cl) underset(underset(("Swarts reaction"))(-AgCl))overset(AgF)(rarr) underset("Ethyl fluoride")(CH_(3)CH_(2)F)`
(vii) `underset("Bromomethane")(CH_(3)Br) underset(Delta)overset(KCN (alc.))(rarr) underset("Acetonitrile")(CH_(3)CN) underset("Ether")overset(CH_(3)MgBr)(rarr) underset(underset(underset(underset(underset(underset(underset(" Propanone")(" "CH_(3)))(" "|))(" "CH_(3)-C=O))(-NH_(3)-Mg(OH)Br darr H^(+)//H_(2)O))(" "CH_(3)))(" "|))(" "CH-C=N.MgBr)`
(viii) `underset("But-1-ene")(CH_(2)=CH-CH_(2)-CH_(3))overset(HBr)(rarr) CH_(3)-overset(Br)overset(|)(CH)-CH_(2)-CH_(3)underset(underset(-HBr)(Delta))overset(KOH (alc.))(rarr) underset(underset(("Major product"))("But-2-ene"))(CH_(3)-CH=CH-CH_(3))`
(ix) `underset("1-chlorobutane")(2CH_(3)-CH_(2)-CH_(2)-CH_(2)Cl)+2Na underset(underset(-2NaCl)(("Wurtz reaction")))overset("Dry ether")(rarr) underset("n-octane")(CH_(3)-CH_(2)-CH_(2)-CH_(2)-CH_(2)-CH_(2)-CH_(2)-CH_(3))`
(x)