A boy throws a ball with initial velocity `u` at an angle of projection `theta` from a tower of height H.
Neglecting air resistance, find
a. How high above the building the ball rises
b. Its speed just before it hits the ground.

Explanation

a. Only gravitational force acts on the ball, which is conservative, therefore, we can apply conservation of energy.
We assign reference level at the top of the building, i.e., `U_(gi)=0`. At the topmost point, the ball is moving horizontally with velocity `u cos theta`.
Initial total mechanical energy:
`E_i=0+1/2mu^2`
Total mechanical energy at the topmost point:
`E_f=1/2mu^2cos^2theta+mgh`
From conservation of energy, we have `E_i=E_f`
`1/2mu^2=1/2mu^2cos^2theta+mgh`
`h=(u^2-u^2cos^2theta)/(2g)=(u^2sin^2theta)/(2g)`
b. If `v` is the speed of the ball at the ground,
`E_f=1/2mv^2-mgH`
From conservation of energy, we have `E_i=E_f`
`1/2mv^2=1/2mv^2-mgH`
`v=sqrt(u^2+2gH)`