Benzophenone can be obtained by
I. Benzoyl chloride +Benzene+`AlCl_(3)`
II. Benzoyl chloride + Diphenyl cadmium ltbr. III. Benzoyl chloride+Phenyl magnesium chloride ltbr. IV. Benzene+ Carbon monoxide+ `ZnCl_(2)`
Select an appropirate option

Options

A. I and II
B. II and III
C. III and IV
D. IV and I

Explanation

To determine which reactions can produce benzophenone, we will analyze each given option step by step.

### Step 1: Analyze the first reaction
**Reaction I:** Benzoyl chloride + Benzene + AlCl3

- **Mechanism:** This reaction is a Friedel-Crafts acylation. Benzoyl chloride (C6H5COCl) reacts with benzene (C6H6) in the presence of aluminum chloride (AlCl3), which acts as a Lewis acid.
- **Process:**
1. AlCl3 coordinates with the chlorine atom of benzoyl chloride, generating a highly reactive acylium ion (C6H5CO+).
2. The acylium ion then attacks the benzene ring, leading to the formation of benzophenone (C6H5COC6H5) after deprotonation.

**Conclusion:** This reaction produces benzophenone.

### Step 2: Analyze the second reaction
**Reaction II:** Benzoyl chloride + Diphenyl cadmium

- **Mechanism:** Diphenyl cadmium (C6H5)2Cd reacts with benzoyl chloride.
- **Process:**
1. Diphenyl cadmium acts as a nucleophile and attacks the carbonyl carbon of benzoyl chloride, displacing the chlorine atom.
2. This results in the formation of benzophenone (C6H5COC6H5).

**Conclusion:** This reaction also produces benzophenone.

### Step 3: Analyze the third reaction
**Reaction III:** Benzoyl chloride + Phenyl magnesium chloride

- **Mechanism:** Phenyl magnesium chloride (C6H5MgCl) is a Grignard reagent that typically reacts with carbonyl compounds.
- **Process:**
1. Initially, the Grignard reagent attacks the carbonyl carbon of benzoyl chloride, forming a magnesium alkoxide intermediate.
2. However, this intermediate will lead to the formation of a tertiary alcohol after hydrolysis, not benzophenone.

**Conclusion:** This reaction does not produce benzophenone.

### Step 4: Analyze the fourth reaction
**Reaction IV:** Benzene + Carbon monoxide + ZnCl2

- **Mechanism:** This reaction is known as the Gatterman-Koch reaction, which typically produces benzaldehyde.
- **Process:**
1. Benzene reacts with carbon monoxide in the presence of ZnCl2, forming benzaldehyde (C6H5CHO).
2. Benzaldehyde does not convert to benzophenone in this reaction.

**Conclusion:** This reaction does not produce benzophenone.

### Final Conclusion:
From the analysis, benzophenone can be obtained from:
- Reaction I: Benzoyl chloride + Benzene + AlCl3
- Reaction II: Benzoyl chloride + Diphenyl cadmium

Thus, the correct options are I and II.