Explain Nucleophilic addition reaction mechanism of aldehydes and ketones.

Explanation

Nucelophilic addition
reaction mechanism `R-underset(O)underset(||)C-H//R+Nu^(-) to R -underset(O^(-))underset(|)overset(Nu) overset(|)C-H//R overset(H^(+))to R -underset(OH)underset(|)overset(Nu)overset(|)C-N//R`
Nucleophile attack on the electrophilic carbon atom of the polar carbonyl group to form an intermediate this intermediate capture a proton to given the product. Aldehydes are more reactive towards the nucleophilic addition reaction due to steric and electronic reasons. In ketones two large substitutents sterically hinder the approach of nucleophile towards carbonyl carbon. Aldehydes having only one alkyl group the attack of nucleophile is easy. Electronically two alkyl group in ketones reduce the positive charge density on carbonyl carbon by +I effect, then aldehydes having only one alkyl group.