Home
Class 11
CHEMISTRY
(a) Define dielectric constant. (b) Ho...

(a) Define dielectric constant.
(b) How does dielectric constant affect `SN^1` rates ?
(c) Explain why solvolyses are much faster in `EtOH` than in acetone even though both solvents have the same dielectric constants.

Text Solution

Verified by Experts

(a) The dielectric constant determines the ability of a solvent to reduce the electrostatic attraction between the oppositiviely charged ions. With high `D.C` ., there is less ion pairing.
(b) `SN^1` reactions require the ionisation of a convalent bond which is favoured by solvent with high `D.C`
(c) In addition to its `D.C` ., the ability to form H-bonds with `X` makes `EtOH` the better `SN^1` solvent than acetone which cannot form H-bonds.
Promotional Banner

Topper's Solved these Questions

  • ORGANIC REACTION MECHANISM

    CENGAGE CHEMISTRY|Exercise Subjective|19 Videos

  • ORGANIC REACTION MECHANISM

    CENGAGE CHEMISTRY|Exercise Comprehension|36 Videos

  • ORGANIC REACTION MECHANISM

    CENGAGE CHEMISTRY|Exercise Analytical and Descriptive|6 Videos

  • NCERT BASED EXERCISE

    CENGAGE CHEMISTRY|Exercise Chemical Equilibrium|72 Videos

  • P-BLOCK GROUP 13 - BORON FAMILY

    CENGAGE CHEMISTRY|Exercise Exercise Archives (Subjecive)|9 Videos

Similar Questions

Explore conceptually related problems

The region of space between the plates of a parallel-plate capacitor is filled with a liquid dielectric with a dielectric constan in_1 . • A solid dielectric wi th a dielectric. constant in_2 is immersed in the liquid. The lines of force in t.he liquid have the shape shown in the figure. Which of the two dielectric constants is greater?

A parallel plate capacitor of area A, plate separation d and capacitance C is filled with three different dielectric materials having dielectric constants k_1 k_2 and k_3 as shown in the following figure. If a single dielectric material is to be used to have the same capacitance C in this capacitor then its dielectric constant k is given by

A parallel plate capacitor of area A , plate separation d and capacitance C is filled with three different dielectric materials having dielectric constant K_(1),K_(2) and K_(3) as shown in fig. If a single dielectric material is to be used to have the same effective capacitance as the above combination then its dielectric constant K is given by :

A parallel plate capacitor of area A, plate separation d and capacitance C is filled with three different dielectric materials having dielectric constants k_1 , k_2 and k_3 as shown. If a single dielectric material is to be used to have the same capacitance C in this capacitor, then its dielectic constant k is given by

A parallel -plate capacitor of area A , plate separation d and capacitance C is filled with four dielectric materials having dielectric constant k_(1), k_(2), k_(3) and k_(4) as shown in the figure below. If a single dielectric materical is to be used to have the same capacitance C in this capacitor, then its dielectric constant k is given by

The space between the rectangular plates (with sides a and b ) of a parallel-plato capacitor (the distance between the plates is l) is filled with a solid dielectric whose dielectric constant is c. The capacitor is charged to a certain potential difference and disconnected from the voltage source. After that the dielectric is slowly moved out of the capacitor, which lTIOanS that the section x not filled with the dielectric gradually increases in size. How wi ll the potential difference between the plates and the surface charge densities on both parts of the capacitor (with and without the dielectric) change in the process?

CENGAGE CHEMISTRY-ORGANIC REACTION MECHANISM-Solved Example
  1. (a) Explain how the sterochemistry of SN^1 and SN^2 differs. (b) Exp...

    Text Solution

    |

  2. (a) Define dielectric constant. (b) How does dielectric constant aff...

    Text Solution

    |

  3. (a) Show by enthalpy diagram the rate of solvolysis of t-BuCl on incre...

    Text Solution

    |

  4. Hydrolysis of 2-bromo-3-methyl butane (2^@) yields only 2-methy-2-buta...

    Text Solution

    |

  5. Write structure for the solvolysis of Et3 C-Cl with : (a) MeOH (b)...

    Text Solution

    |

  6. Explain the relative rates of RX with H2 O/EtOH at 25^@ C as given : ...

    Text Solution

    |

  7. Predict the order of nucleophicity of X^(Ө) in the following reaction ...

    Text Solution

    |

  8. Give the product of the following displacement reactions : (a) (R )-...

    Text Solution

    |

  9. Explain .

    Text Solution

    |

  10. When 3-chlorocyclopropene (A) is treated with SbCl5, it gives a stable...

    Text Solution

    |

  11. Explain : (a) An aq. Solution to troplylium bormide (C7 H7Br) on tre...

    Text Solution

    |

  12. Give the order of reactivity towards aqueous HCOOH of the following. ...

    Text Solution

    |

  13. Give the order of hydrolysis in SN^1 process for the following : ...

    Text Solution

    |

  14. Give the order of (a) nucleophilicity (b) basic character, and (c) fug...

    Text Solution

    |

  15. Give the most reactive substrate in each of the following pair with ov...

    Text Solution

    |

  16. Outline the synthesis of following compounds from suitable nucleophile...

    Text Solution

    |

  17. Give a suitable mechanism for the following : .

    Text Solution

    |

  18. Predict the order of reactivity of the following halides with (a) NaI ...

    Text Solution

    |

  19. Explain : (a)ClCH2OCH3 (chloromethyl methyl ether) undergoes SN^1 re...

    Text Solution

    |

  20. Write the products of the following SN reactions. .

    Text Solution

    |