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In activity 1, why does the portion of t...

In activity 1, why does the portion of the pencil inside the water appears to be thicker and broken near the surf ace of water?

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When we look at the portion of the pencil that is inside the water, light travels from water to air via glass. This light ray changes the medium and undergoes refraction. As a result, the pencil inside the water appears to be thicker and broken near the surface of water.
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