Explain the general properties of ionic compounds

Explanation

i.Physical nature: Ionic compounds are solids and are hard due to strong inter-ionic forces of attraction. They are generally brittle and break into pieces when pressure is applied.
ii. Melting and boiling points: Ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points as considerable amount of energy is required to break the strong inter-ionic forces of attraction.
iii. Solubility: Ionic compounds are generally soluble in water because water molecules orient in a particular manner around the ions which are separated by dissociation process. This results in new force of attraction between the ion and surrounding water molecules replacing the original intermolecular attraction. Ionic compounds are insoluble in kerosene and petrol because new attractive force cannot be established in these solvents.
iv. Electrical conductivity: Ionic compounds conduct electricity in molten state or in its aqueous solution. Conduction of electricity in these states is due to movement of charged particles (i.e., ions) towards the oppositely charged electrodes. However, in solid state, ionic compounds do not conduct electricity as movement of the ions is not possible due to their rigid structure.