What is the basic principle of working of cyclotron? Write two uses of this machine.

Explanation

The working of the cyclotron is based on the fact that a heavy positively charged particle can be accelerated to a sufficiently high energy with the help of smaller values of oscillating electric field, by making it to cross the same electric field time and again with the use of strong magnetic field.
A cyclotron is used (i) to bombard nuclei with high energy particles and to study the resulting nuclear reaction (ii) to produce radioactive substances which may be used in hospitals for diagnosing the diseases in the body.