How is an n-type semiconductor formed? Name the major change carriers in it. Draw the energy band diagram of n-type semiconductor.

Explanation

### Step-by-Step Solution

**Step 1: Formation of n-type Semiconductor**
An n-type semiconductor is formed by doping a pure semiconductor material, such as silicon (Si) or germanium (Ge), with a pentavalent impurity. A pentavalent impurity is an element that has five valence electrons. Common examples of pentavalent impurities include phosphorus (P), antimony (Sb), and bismuth (Bi). When these impurities are introduced into the silicon or germanium lattice, they provide extra electrons that are not required for bonding, thus increasing the number of free charge carriers.

**Step 2: Majority Charge Carriers**
In an n-type semiconductor, the majority charge carriers are electrons. The doping process introduces additional electrons into the conduction band, which are free to move and conduct electricity. The presence of these extra electrons is what characterizes the n-type semiconductor.

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