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Refractive index of ionosphere is:...

Refractive index of ionosphere is:

A

zero

B

more than one

C

less than one

D

one

Text Solution

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Ionosphere is the topmost layer of eart's atmosphere whose density is much smaller than the density of lower layers of earth's atomosphere. Thereofre, refractive index of ionosphere is less than one.
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Statement 1: The refractive index of the ionosphere increases as we go from the lower to upper layers in the ionosphere. Statement 2: The degree ofionization is higher at the upper layers then at the lower layers of the ionosphere.

Statement-I : Electromagnetic waves with frequencies smaller than the critical frequency of ionosphere cannot be used for communication using sky wave propagation Statement-II : The refractive index of the ionosphere becomes very high for frequency.

Assertion : Electromagentic waves with frequencies more than the cirtical frequency of ionosphere cannot be used for communication using sky wave propagation. Reason : The refractive index of the ionosphere becomes very high for frequencies higher than the critical frequency .

Statement-1: Communication in UHF/VHF regions can be established by space wave or tropospheric wave. Statement-2 : The refractive index of the ionosphere becomes very high for frequencies higher than the critical frequency.

Statement-1 : Electromagnetic waves with frequencies smaller than the critical frequency of ionosphere cannot be used for communications using sky wave propagation. Statement-2: The refractive index of the ionosphere becomes very high for frequenceis higher than the criritcal frequency.

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