When the polariser and analyser are in the crossed position the intensity of the out coming light is

Options

A. maximum
B. minimum
C. it depends on the type of analyser
D. partially maximum

Answer

To determine the intensity of light when the polarizer and analyzer are in the crossed position, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Polarization**:
- Light can be polarized using a polarizer, which allows only light waves oscillating in a particular direction to pass through.

2. **Position of Polarizer and Analyzer**:
- The polarizer and analyzer are two optical devices that can be oriented at various angles to each other. When they are in the "crossed position," they are oriented at 90 degrees to each other.

3. **Using Malus's Law**:
- Malus's Law states that when polarized light passes through a polarizer, the intensity of the transmitted light (I) is given by:
\[ I = I_0 \cos^2(\theta) \]
- Here, \(I_0\) is the intensity of the incoming light, and \(\theta\) is the angle between the light's polarization direction and the axis of the polarizer.

4. **Applying the Crossed Position**:
- In the crossed position, the angle \(\theta\) between the polarizer and analyzer is 90 degrees.
- Therefore, we substitute \(\theta = 90^\circ\) into Malus's Law:
\[ I = I_0 \cos^2(90^\circ) \]

5. **Calculating the Intensity**:
- We know that \(\cos(90^\circ) = 0\).
- Thus, substituting this value:
\[ I = I_0 \cdot 0^2 = 0 \]

6. **Conclusion**:
- The intensity of the light when the polarizer and analyzer are in the crossed position is 0. This means no light passes through.

### Final Answer:
The intensity of the outgoing light when the polarizer and analyzer are in the crossed position is **0**.