What is biotechnology ? What are its commercial application ?

Explanation

(i) Biotechnology is bringing about artificial genetic changes and hybridization in organisms for human welfare .
(ii) Various branches of science like cytology biochemistry, molecular biology and genetic engineering are including in biotechnology .
(iii) Commercial application of biotechnology are as follows :
(a) Crop biotechnology : Biotechnology is used in agricultural field to improve yield and variety, i.e. hybrid seeds, genetically modified crops, herbicide tolerant plants and biofertilizers.
(b) Animal Husbandary : Artificial insemination and embryo transfer are used to improve quality and quantity of animal products.
(c ) Human health : Diagnosis and treatment of the disease are two aspect of human health management .
(d) With the help of biotechnology, disease can be diagnosed before the onest of symptoms.
(e ) Vaccines and vaccination, treatment, interferon , gene therapy, cloning, i.e. reproductive and therapeutic colning are also some important developments of biotechnology.
(f) Industrial products : Various industrial chemicals can be produced through less expensive processes.
(g) Environment - biotechnology helps in solving various environmental problems.
(h) Food biotechnology : Improved quality of food is produced with the help of micro organisms.
(i) DNA fingerprinting : identity of any person can be established with the help of its available DNA.