The managanese `(Z = 25)` has the outer configuration.

Options

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B.
C.
D.

Explanation

To determine the outer electronic configuration of manganese (Mn) with atomic number \( Z = 25 \), we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Determine the total number of electrons
Since the atomic number (Z) of manganese is 25, it has 25 electrons.

### Step 2: Write the electronic configuration
We fill the electrons in the atomic orbitals according to the Aufbau principle, Hund's rule, and the Pauli exclusion principle. The order of filling is as follows:

1. **1s**: 2 electrons
2. **2s**: 2 electrons
3. **2p**: 6 electrons
4. **3s**: 2 electrons
5. **3p**: 6 electrons
6. **4s**: 2 electrons
7. **3d**: 5 electrons

Putting this all together, the electronic configuration of manganese is:
\[ \text{Mn: } 1s^2 \, 2s^2 \, 2p^6 \, 3s^2 \, 3p^6 \, 4s^2 \, 3d^5 \]

### Step 3: Identify the outer configuration
The outermost shell for manganese is the fourth shell (n=4), which contains the \( 4s \) and \( 3d \) orbitals. Thus, the outer electronic configuration of manganese is:
\[ 4s^2 \, 3d^5 \]

### Conclusion
The outer electronic configuration of manganese is \( 4s^2 \, 3d^5 \).

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