The following graph shows the variation of terminal potential difference V, across a combination of three cells in series to a resistor versus the current I : (i) Calculate the emf of each cell. (ii) For what current I, will the power dissipation of the circuit be maximum ?
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(i) Total emf of 3 cells in series = 6.0V EMF of each cell `= 6.0/3 = 2.0V` (ii) When `i=1.0A, V = 3.0//3 =1.0V` Internal resistance of a cell `r = (epsilon- V)/i=(2.0 - 1.0)/1.0 = 1.0 Omega` The output power is maximum when external resistance = internal resistance = 3r `I_(max) = ("total emf")/("total resistance") = (3 epsilon)/(3 r + 3 r) = epsilon/2r` ` = (2.0)/(2xx1.0) = 1.0A`
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