The Clausius-Clapeyron equation depics

Options

A. the effect of temperature on the vapour pressure of a liquid
B. effect of pressure on the boilling point of a liquid
C. effect of temperature on suface tension of liquid
D. Both (a) and (b)

Explanation

To solve the question regarding what the Clausius-Clapeyron equation depicts, we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Understand the Clausius-Clapeyron Equation
The Clausius-Clapeyron equation is a fundamental equation in thermodynamics that describes the relationship between vapor pressure and temperature for a given substance. It is mathematically expressed as:

\[ \ln \frac{P_2}{P_1} = -\frac{\Delta H_{vap}}{R} \left( \frac{1}{T_2} - \frac{1}{T_1} \right) \]

Where:
- \( P_1 \) and \( P_2 \) are the vapor pressures at temperatures \( T_1 \) and \( T_2 \) respectively.
- \( \Delta H_{vap} \) is the heat of vaporization.
- \( R \) is the universal gas constant.

### Step 2: Analyze the Components of the Equation
The equation shows how the logarithm of the ratio of vapor pressures (\( P_2 \) and \( P_1 \)) is related to the change in temperature (\( T_2 \) and \( T_1 \)) and the heat of vaporization. This indicates that as temperature increases, the vapor pressure of a liquid also increases.

### Step 3: Identify What the Equation Depicts
From the analysis, we can conclude that the Clausius-Clapeyron equation primarily depicts:
- The effect of temperature on the vapor pressure of a liquid.

### Step 4: Consider Other Options
The question also mentions:
- The effect of pressure on the boiling point of the liquid.
- The effect of temperature on the surface tension of the liquid.

However, these are not directly described by the Clausius-Clapeyron equation. The equation specifically focuses on vapor pressure changes with temperature.

### Conclusion
Thus, the correct interpretation of the Clausius-Clapeyron equation is that it depicts the effect of temperature on the vapor pressure of a liquid.

### Final Answer
The Clausius-Clapeyron equation depicts the effect of temperature on the vapor pressure of a liquid.

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