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The function of ZnCl(2) in Lucas test fo...

The function of `ZnCl_(2)` in Lucas test for alcohols is

A

to act as acid catalyst and react with HCl to form `H_2ZnCl_4`

B

to act as base catalyst and react with NaOH to form `Na_2Zn(OH)_4`

C

to act as amphoteric catalyst

D

to act as neutral catalyst

Text Solution

Verified by Experts

The correct Answer is:
A
Lucas test : In the presence of anhydrous `ZnCl_2` , alcohol reacts with conc. `HCl` to produce alkyl chloride.
`ROH+HCl overset(ZnCl_2)to RCl + H_2O`
Mechanism of Lucas test
`{:(2HCl+ZnCl_2 to H_2ZnCl_2),(ul(ROH+H_2ZnCl_4toRCl+ZnCl_2+H_2O+HCl)),(ROH +HCl overset(ZnCl_2)to RCl+H_2O):}`
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Alcohols are acidic in nature because hydrogen is attached to oxygen which is an electronegative element. Alcohol is weaker acid than water because OH^(-) ion is more stable than R-O^(-) ion. R-O^(-) is less stable, due to +I effect of the alkyl group. Acidity of alcohols increases with increase in the stability of acid anion. Some alcohol like CH_(3)-OH, CF_(3)-CH_(2)-OH, (CF_(3))_(3)C-OH ae more acidic than water. Lucas test of alcohols involves following reaction : R-OH+underset("conc.")(HCl)underset(ZnCl_(2))overset("anhydrous")(rarr)underset("white turbidity")(RCl)+H_(2)O Select the correct statements for the Lucas test.

|| Chemical properties OF alcohol || acid catalysed dehydration OF alcohol || grooves reaction || esterification || Lucas test for 1,2,3 degree alcohol ||