Which is most reactive in base cataysed hydroysis reaction?

Options

A.
B.
C.
D.

Explanation

To determine which compound is the most reactive in a base-catalyzed hydrolysis reaction, we need to analyze the reactivity of the four amides based on the presence of electron-withdrawing and electron-donating groups.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Compounds**:
We have four amides to consider:
- **Compound A**: Benzamide with a nitro group (NO2)
- **Compound B**: Benzamide with a methoxy group (OCH3)
- **Compound C**: Benzamide with a meta-substituted group
- **Compound D**: Simple benzamide without any substituents

2. **Understand the Role of Electron-Withdrawing and Electron-Donating Groups**:
- Electron-withdrawing groups (EWGs) increase the reactivity of the amide by stabilizing the negative charge that develops during the hydrolysis reaction.
- Electron-donating groups (EDGs) decrease the reactivity of the amide by destabilizing the negative charge.

3. **Analyze Each Compound**:
- **Compound A (NO2)**: The nitro group is a strong electron-withdrawing group (both -I and -R effects). This will significantly enhance the reactivity of the amide.
- **Compound B (OCH3)**: The methoxy group is an electron-donating group (+R effect) and has a weak -I effect. This will decrease the reactivity of the amide.
- **Compound C**: The meta-substituted group is less effective than the para or ortho positions for resonance but may have some -I effect depending on the specific group.
- **Compound D**: This compound has no substituents, making it less reactive compared to compound A.

4. **Determine the Order of Reactivity**:
Based on the analysis, the order of reactivity in base-catalyzed hydrolysis is influenced by the strength of the electron-withdrawing groups:
- **Most Reactive**: Compound A (with NO2)
- **Less Reactive**: Compound C (depending on the specific group)
- **Even Less Reactive**: Compound D (no substituents)
- **Least Reactive**: Compound B (with OCH3)

5. **Conclusion**:
Therefore, the most reactive compound in base-catalyzed hydrolysis is **Compound A** (the one with the nitro group).