3-hydroxybutanal formed when X reacts whith Y in dilute Z solution. What are X, Y, and Z?

Options

A. `X = CH_(3)CHO, Y = (CH_(3))_(2)CO, Z = NaOH`
B. `X = CH_(3)CHO, Y = CH_(3)CHO, Z = NaCI`
C. `X = (CH_(3))_(2)CO, Y = (CH_(3))_(2)CO, Z = HCI`
D. `X = CH_(3)CHO, Y = CH_(3)CHO, Z = NaOH`

Answer

D

Explanation

The product obtained is
`CH_(3)-underset(OH)underset(|)(CHCH_(2)CHO`
This product is obtained when `2`molecules of `CH_(3)CHO` are heated with concentrated alkali `(NaOH)`
`CH_(3)underset(X)(CHO)+underset(Y)(CH_(3))CHOoverset(NaOH)underset(Z)to`
`CH_(3)underset(OH)underset(|)CH-CH_(2)-CHO`
The aldehydes having `alpha`-hydrogen atom on heating with concentrated alkali give brown mass, aldol condensation.