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Which is NOT the correct statement/s for the nucleophilic reagents?
(i) They are electron loving species
(ii) They attack the positive centres as they are negatively charged.
(iii) They are Lewis acids.
(iv)They donate lone pair of electrons

A

(i) and (ii)

B

only (iii)

C

(i) and (iii)

D

All of these

Text Solution

Verified by Experts

The correct Answer is:
C
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The electronic displacements in covalent bonds may occur either in the ground state under the influence of an atom or a substituent group or in presence of an appropriate attacking reagent. As a result of these electron displacements, centres of different electron densities are created and these centres are susceptible to attack by the reagents. These electron displacements occur through inductive electromeric, resonance and hyperconjugation effects. Whereas inductive effect involves displacement of sigam -electrons towards the substituent, resonance effect involves delocalization of pi- electrons transmitted through the chain and both are permanent effect. Electromeric effect is the complete transfer of a shared pair of pi - electrons to one of the atoms joined by a multiple bond on the demand of an attacking reagent. Hyperconjugation effects on the other hand involve delocalization of sigma -electrons of C-H bond of an alkyl group directly attached to an atom of unsaturated system (i.e., sigma-pi -conjugation). Both inductive and hyperconjugation effects can be used to explain the stability of carbocations and free radicals which follow the stability order : 3^(@)gt2^(@)gt1^(@) . The stability or carbanions, however, follows the reverse order. An organic reaction occurs through making and breaking of bonds. The breaking of a covalent bond may occur either homolytic leading to the formation of free radicals or heterolytic forming positively (carbocations) or negatively (carbanions) charged species. Most of the attacking reagents carry either a positive or a negative charge. The positively charged species with electron deficient centre or neutral species (free radicals, carbenes, nitrene) are collectively called electrophiles, while negatively charged species with electron rich centre or neutral species (like water, alcohol, ammonia, etc.) are called nucleophiles. Out of the following series, the one containing only electrophiles is:

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TARGET PUBLICATION-HALOGEN DERIVATIVES OF ALKANES AND ARENES-CRITICAL THINKING
  1. A nucleophile should possess.

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  2. A nucleophile is:

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  3. Which is NOT the correct statement/s for the nucleophilic reagents? ...

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  4. Substitution nucloephilic second order [S(N)2] involves steps(s).

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  5. In alkaline hydrolysis of 1-bromopropane , .

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  6. The optically active product obtained from S(N)2 reaction of dextro ro...

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  7. Alkaline hydrolysis of a tertiary alkyl halide involve.

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  8. In the alkaline hydrolysis of tert-butyl bromide.

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  9. In S(N)1 reaction which of the following is TRUE?

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  10. Which of the following statements is FALSE about S(N)1 mechanism ?

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  11. Which of the following is TRUE for hydrolysis of an optically active t...

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  12. If starting compound is laevo rotatory , after the S(N)1 reaction, pro...

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  13. Which among the following structure represents sym-trichlorobenzene?

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  14. Chlorobenzene is .

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  15. Arrange the following compounds in order of increasing dipole moment: ...

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  16. Which of the following cannot be prepared by direct halogenations of b...

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  17. Benzenediazonium salt when simply mixed with KI, gives off .

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  18. The phenomenon in which atoms or groups in a compound can attract elec...

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  19. Example of species showing -I effect is .

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  20. It is easy to substitute -Cl in 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene than in chlor...

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