There is a large diversity in the biological world and each organism has evolved its own mechanism to multiply and produce offspring. The method of reproduction depends upon

Reproduction is a biological process in which an organism gives rise to young ones (offspring similar to itself ) .An organism's method of reproduction depends upon factors:

(A): Each organism has adopted its own mechanism of reproduction. (R) : Living organisms show enormous diversity.

I. Population evolve to maximise their reproductive fitness, also called Darwinian fitness (higher 'r' value) in the habitat in which they live II. The population growth rate r is inversely related to generation time III. The housefly , which has a short life span and produces a large number of eggs, could be considered as a K selected species IV. under a particular set of selection pressures, organisms evolve towards the most efficient reproductive strategies V. life history traits of organisms have evolved in relation to the constrains imposed by biotic and abitioc factors in their habitat. Select the combination of correction statements

Read the paragraph and answer the questions given below : Reproduction is the process by which the living Species continues its existence. Lower organisms carry out asexual reproduction while higher plants and animals always show sexual reproduction. Plants reproduce asexually by methods such as fragmentation, vegetative propagation, budding, Spore formation. For sexual reproduction they form gametes. In animal kingdom, budding, fission of different types and parthenogenesis are some of the methods that do not require both the sexes. Though regeneration also forms new individual, it is not considered to be a reproductive process because. basically it is a repair process. The ability to regenerate is lost in higher phyla. In human beings it is restricted only to wound healing. Sexual reproduction is also undergoing lots of experimentation such as cloning which may make females capable of producing their own baby without intervention of any male. Answer the follolwing question. What is the modern method of reproduction aimed at in higher organisms?

Write one or two words for each of the following statements/definitions : (a) Each level of food chain where transfer of energy takes place (b) The physical factors like temperature, rainfall, light, soil, air and water of an ecosystem (c) Organisms which depend on the producers for food either directly or indirectly (d) The physical and biological world where we live in (e) Selfcontained unit of living things and their non-living environment needing only sunlight for its functioning