In hydrazine `(N_2H_4)`, nitrogen is____________hybridized.

Options

A. `dsp^2`
B. `sp^2`
C. `sp^3`
D. `sp`

Explanation

To determine the hybridization of nitrogen in hydrazine (N₂H₄), we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Identify the Valence Electrons
- Each nitrogen atom has 5 valence electrons (as it is in group 15 of the periodic table).
- In N₂H₄, there are two nitrogen atoms, so the total number of valence electrons from nitrogen is 2 × 5 = 10.

### Step 2: Draw the Lewis Structure
- In the Lewis structure of N₂H₄, each nitrogen forms a single bond with the other nitrogen atom and with two hydrogen atoms.
- The structure can be represented as:
```
H H
| |
H-N-N-H
| |
H H
```
- Each nitrogen atom is bonded to 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 nitrogen atom.

### Step 3: Count the Bonding and Lone Pairs
- For each nitrogen atom:
- There are 3 bonded atoms (2 H and 1 N).
- There is 1 lone pair of electrons.

### Step 4: Calculate the Steric Number
- The steric number is calculated as the number of bonded atoms plus the number of lone pairs.
- For nitrogen:
- Steric number = Number of bonded atoms + Number of lone pairs = 3 + 1 = 4.

### Step 5: Determine the Hybridization
- A steric number of 4 corresponds to sp³ hybridization.
- Therefore, the hybridization of nitrogen in hydrazine (N₂H₄) is sp³.

### Final Answer
- In hydrazine (N₂H₄), nitrogen is **sp³ hybridized**.

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