In carbon monoxide molecule,

Options

A. `C` is `sp^(2)`-hybridized but `O` is `sp^(3)`-hybridized
B. `C` is `sp`-hybridized but `O` is `sp^(2)`-hybridized
C. Both `C` and `O` are `sp^(2)`-hybridized
D. Both `C` and `O` are `sp`-hybridized

Explanation

To analyze the carbon monoxide (CO) molecule step by step, we will explore its structure, bonding, and hybridization.

### Step 1: Determine the Valence Electrons
- **Carbon (C)** has an electronic configuration of \(1s^2 2s^2 2p^2\), which means it has **4 valence electrons**.
- **Oxygen (O)** has an electronic configuration of \(1s^2 2s^2 2p^4\), which means it has **6 valence electrons**.

### Step 2: Bond Formation
- Carbon needs **4 electrons** to complete its octet, while oxygen needs **2 electrons**.
- To achieve stability, carbon and oxygen can share electrons.
- Carbon can share its 4 electrons with oxygen, and oxygen can share 2 of its electrons with carbon.

### Step 3: Lewis Structure
- In the Lewis structure of CO, carbon is at the center, and oxygen is bonded to it.
- The structure can be represented as:
```
:O:::C:
```
- Here, the three colons represent the sharing of electrons (bonds) between carbon and oxygen.

### Step 4: Types of Bonds
- The bond between carbon and oxygen consists of:
- **1 sigma bond** (σ) formed by the head-on overlap of orbitals.
- **2 pi bonds** (π) formed by the side-on overlap of p orbitals.

### Step 5: Steric Number Calculation
- The steric number is calculated as the number of sigma bonds plus the number of lone pairs around the atom.
- For **Carbon**:
- Sigma bonds: 1 (with oxygen)
- Lone pairs: 1 (the remaining lone pair after bonding)
- **Steric number = 1 + 1 = 2**

- For **Oxygen**:
- Sigma bonds: 1 (with carbon)
- Lone pairs: 2 (the remaining lone pairs after bonding)
- **Steric number = 1 + 2 = 3**

### Step 6: Hybridization
- **Carbon** with a steric number of 2 is **sp hybridized**.
- **Oxygen** with a steric number of 3 is **sp² hybridized**.

### Step 7: Conclusion
- The carbon monoxide molecule (CO) consists of a carbon atom and an oxygen atom, with carbon being sp hybridized and oxygen being sp² hybridized. The molecule features a triple bond, which includes one sigma bond and two pi bonds.

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