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The electrophile in the nitration of are...

The electrophile in the nitration of arenes is

A

`H_(2)overset(+)(O)NO_(2)`

B

`overset(+)(N)O`

C

`overset(+)O_(2)`

D

`overset(.)(N)N_(2)`

Text Solution

Verified by Experts

The correct Answer is:
3
The electropile is nitronium ion, `overset(+)(N)O_(2)`, generated in the following manner:
`HONO_(2)+H-SO_(3)HtoHSO_(4)^(-)+[H_(2)overset(+)(O)NO_(2)]toH_(2)O+overset(+)(N)O_(2)`
`HOSO_(2)O^(-)` (from the protonation of `H_(2)O` by a second `H_(2)SO_(4)`) acts as a base in the second step.
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