The product (D ) in the following sequence of reaction is
`CH_(3) COOH overset(NH_(3))(to) (A ) overset( " Heat ")(to) (B )`
`overset(P_(2)O_(5))(to) ( C ) overset(Na+ C_(2)H_(5) OH) (to) (D ) `

Options

A. Ester
B. Amine
C. Acid
D. Alcohol

Explanation

To determine the product (D) in the given sequence of reactions, we will analyze each step carefully.

### Step 1: Reaction of Acetic Acid with Ammonia
- **Reaction**: CH₃COOH + NH₃ → (A)
- **Explanation**: Acetic acid (CH₃COOH) reacts with ammonia (NH₃) to form an ammonium salt. The reaction can be represented as:
\[ CH₃COOH + NH₃ \rightarrow CH₃COONH₄ \]
Here, the product (A) is ammonium acetate (CH₃COONH₄).

**Hint**: Identify the products of an acid-base reaction.

### Step 2: Heating the Ammonium Salt
- **Reaction**: (A) → (B) upon heating
- **Explanation**: When ammonium acetate is heated, it undergoes dehydration, losing a water molecule (H₂O) to form an amide:
\[ CH₃COONH₄ \xrightarrow{\text{Heat}} CH₃C(O)NH₂ + H₂O \]
The product (B) is acetamide (CH₃C(O)NH₂).

**Hint**: Consider what happens during the dehydration of an ammonium salt when heated.

### Step 3: Reaction with P₂O₅
- **Reaction**: (B) → (C) using P₂O₅
- **Explanation**: P₂O₅ is a dehydrating agent. When acetamide is treated with P₂O₅, it removes water, leading to the formation of a nitrile:
\[ CH₃C(O)NH₂ \xrightarrow{P₂O₅} CH₃C≡N + H₂O \]
The product (C) is acetonitrile (CH₃C≡N).

**Hint**: Recognize the role of P₂O₅ in removing water and forming a nitrile.

### Step 4: Reduction with Sodium in Ethanol
- **Reaction**: (C) + Na + C₂H₅OH → (D)
- **Explanation**: Sodium in ethanol acts as a reducing agent. When acetonitrile is reduced, it converts to an amine:
\[ CH₃C≡N + 2H \xrightarrow{Na, C₂H₅OH} CH₃CH₂NH₂ \]
The product (D) is ethylamine (CH₃CH₂NH₂).

**Hint**: Understand the reduction process and the final product formed from a nitrile.

### Final Answer
The product (D) in the sequence of reactions is **ethylamine (CH₃CH₂NH₂)**.