Iron is extracted on a commerical scale from `Fe_(2)O_(3)` by reduction with ___in a blast furnase

Options

A. `CO`
B. `C`
C. `Al`
D. `Mg`

Answer

a

Explanation

Iron is exteracted from its oxide (usually haemitite) in a huge reactor called a blast furanace .This is an almost cylinderical furnace, lined with free bricks, it runs continuously and work on the counter current principle it is charged from the top with iron ore, a reducing agent (coke) and slip forming substance (calcuim carbonate) THe amount of `CaCO_(2)` is varied, depending on the amount of elicate meterials in the one
Hot our in at the betion, burning cake and yielding carbon monoxide at a temperature of about `2000^(@)C`
`2C(s) + O_(2)(g) rarr 2CO(g) Delta H = - 221.0 kJ`
The temperature of the farnace is nearly `2000^(@)C` at the point where the air enters regions but is about `1500^(@)C` at the at the bottem and `200 ^(@)C` at the top
As the charge desconds and the but carbon rises a comples series of high temperature reactuion occure is the variors regains of the farance .The of .The key overal occure reaction is the readuction of the irons `(Fe_(2)O_(3))` to irons metal rap `1533 K` mainly be `CO` through pethaps some reduction by C taken place)
`Fe_(2)(s) + 3CO(g) rarr 2Fe(ik) + 3 CO_(2)(g)`
iron metal is obestane as an inpute liquid at the botrons of the farnace .The moles irons dissolves `3-4% of C` from coke resliting in the formation of pig iron .The melting point of pure iron is `1533 ^(@)C` .The temperature in pig iron lower the melting ppoint posibility to as `1015^(@)C` the exterics temperature by the presents of `4.3 % C` melten iron (impure) colliacts in the bearth as the bottom of the blast furnace.