Which one of the following cells types always divides by anticlinal cell division?

Options

A. Fusiform initial cells
B. Root cap
C. Protoderm
D. Phellogen

Answer

To solve the question "Which one of the following cell types always divides by anticlinal cell division?", we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Understand the Types of Cell Division
- **Anticlinal Division**: This type of division occurs when a cell divides horizontally, resulting in two daughter cells that remain in the same layer. This division helps in increasing the number of layers in a tissue.
- **Periclinal Division**: This type occurs when a cell divides vertically, which contributes to the increase in girth or thickness of the plant.

### Step 2: Analyze the Given Options
We have four options to consider:
1. **Fusiform Initial Cells**: These cells are involved in forming secondary xylem and phloem and divide by periclinal division.
2. **Root Cap**: The root cap protects the root and is formed by periclinal division.
3. **Protoderm**: This is a part of the apical meristem that gives rise to the epidermis, which is the outer layer of the plant. It divides by anticlinal division.
4. **Phelogen**: Also known as cork cambium, it contributes to the increase in girth and divides by periclinal division.

### Step 3: Identify the Correct Answer
From the analysis:
- **Fusiform Initial Cells**: Incorrect (divides periclinally)
- **Root Cap**: Incorrect (divides periclinally)
- **Protoderm**: Correct (divides anticlinally)
- **Phelogen**: Incorrect (divides periclinally)

Therefore, the cell type that always divides by anticlinal cell division is **Protoderm**.

### Final Answer
**Protoderm**

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