How is the colligative property of solution changed when a solute in a solution undergoes (i) association (ii) dissociation?

Explanation

To understand how the colligative properties of a solution change when a solute undergoes association or dissociation, we need to analyze the concepts of association and dissociation in terms of their impact on the van 't Hoff factor (i) and the resulting colligative properties.

### Step-by-Step Solution

1. **Define Colligative Properties**:
Colligative properties are properties of solutions that depend on the number of solute particles in a given amount of solvent, rather than the identity of the solute. Examples include boiling point elevation, freezing point depression, vapor pressure lowering, and osmotic pressure.

2. **Understand Van 't Hoff Factor (i)**:
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