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Statement-1: The final reabsorption of w...

Statement-1: The final reabsorption of water from the urine into the blood occurs through the collecting duct of a mammalian nephron resulting in thhe production of hyperosmotic urine.
Statement-2: The loop of henle creates a sodium gradient in the interstitial fluid.

A

both statements 1 and 2 are correct.

B

Statement 1 is correct but statement 2 is incorrect

C

Statement 1 is incorrect but statement 2 is correct

D

Both statements 1 and 2 are incorrect.

Text Solution

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The correct Answer is:
A
The couter current mechanism in loop of Henle and vasa recta, helps in maintaining an increasing osmolarity of the interstitial fluid i.e., from 300 mOs mol `L^(-1)` in the cortex to about 1200 mOsmol `L^(-1)` in the inner medulla. This gradient is mainly caused by NaCl and urea. This gradient thus helps in easy reabsorption of water from the filtrate in the collecting duct so as to produce hyperosmotic urine.
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A: The final reabsorption of water from urine into blood ocurs through the collecting duct of a mammalian nephron, resulting in the production of hyperosomotic urine. R: The loop of Henle is responsible for the formation of a sodium gradient across the depth of the medullary intersitium of a mammalian kidney.

Read the following statements and select the correct option Statement 1 : When the urine moves through the descending limb, it becomes hypertonic to blood plasma and as it passes through the ascending limb of Henl's loop it becomes hypotonic to blood plasma Statement : The decending limb is permeable to sodium ions, while the ascending limb is impermeable to sodium ions

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When a sound wave enters the ear, it sets the eardrum into oscillation, which in turn causes oscillation of 3 tiny bones in the middle ear called ossicles. This oscillation is finally transmitted to the fluid filled in inner portion of the ear termed as inner ear, the motion of the fluid disturbs hair cells within the inner ear which transmit nerve impulses to the brain with the information that a sound is present. The theree bones present in the middle ear are named as hammer, anvil and stirrup. Out of these the stirrup is the smallest one and this only connects the middle ear to inner ear as shown in the figure below. The area of stirrup and its extent of connection with the inner ear limits the sensitivity of the human ear consider a person's ear whose moving part of the eardrum has an area of about 50mm^2 and the area of stirrup is about 5mm^2 . The mass of ossicles is negligible. As a result, force exerted by sound wave in air on eardum and ossicles is same as the force exerted by ossicles on the inner ear. Consider a sound wave having maximum pressure fluctuation of 4xx10^-2Pa from its normal equilibrium pressure value which is equal to 10^5Pa . Frequency of sound wave in air is 332(m)/(s) . Velocity of sound wave in fluid (present in inner ear) is 1500(m)/(s) . Bulk modulus of air is 1.42xx10^5Pa . Bulk modulus of fluid is 2.18xx10^9Pa . Q. With respect to information provided above, mark the correct statement.

The electronic displacements in covalent bonds may occur either in the ground state under the influence of an atom or a substituent group or in presence of an appropriate attacking reagent. As a result of these electron displacements, centres of different electron densities are created and these centres are susceptible to attack by the reagents. These electron displacements occur through inductive electromeric, resonance and hyperconjugation effects. Whereas inductive effect involves displacement of sigam -electrons towards the substituent, resonance effect involves delocalization of pi- electrons transmitted through the chain and both are permanent effect. Electromeric effect is the complete transfer of a shared pair of pi - electrons to one of the atoms joined by a multiple bond on the demand of an attacking reagent. Hyperconjugation effects on the other hand involve delocalization of sigma -electrons of C-H bond of an alkyl group directly attached to an atom of unsaturated system (i.e., sigma-pi -conjugation). Both inductive and hyperconjugation effects can be used to explain the stability of carbocations and free radicals which follow the stability order : 3^(@)gt2^(@)gt1^(@) . The stability or carbanions, however, follows the reverse order. An organic reaction occurs through making and breaking of bonds. The breaking of a covalent bond may occur either homolytic leading to the formation of free radicals or heterolytic forming positively (carbocations) or negatively (carbanions) charged species. Most of the attacking reagents carry either a positive or a negative charge. The positively charged species with electron deficient centre or neutral species (free radicals, carbenes, nitrene) are collectively called electrophiles, while negatively charged species with electron rich centre or neutral species (like water, alcohol, ammonia, etc.) are called nucleophiles. Consider the following alkenes and what is correct decreasing order of stability? {:(underset("(I)")underset("But-1-ene")(CH_(3)CH_(2)CH=CH_(2))", "underset("(II)")underset("2,3-Dimethylbut-2-ene")((CH_(3))_(2)C=(CH_(3))_(2))","),(underset("(III)")underset("2-Methylbut-2-ene")((CH_(3))_(2)C=CHCH_(3))", "underset("(IV)")underset("2-Methylpropene")((CH_(3))_(2)C=CH_(3))):}

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NCERT FINGERTIPS-EXCRETORY PRODUCTS AND THEIR ELIMINATION-Excretory Products And Their Elimination
  1. Select the incorrect statement regarding mechanism of urine formation ...

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  2. Which of the following statements is incorrect?

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  3. Statement-1: The final reabsorption of water from the urine into the b...

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  4. Statement-1: Small amount of urea enters the thick segment of Henle's ...

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  5. The ability of producing concentrated (hypertonic) urine in vertebrate...

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  6. Refer to the given figure and select the correct option representing t...

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  7. Which of the following statements is incorrect?

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  8. Pick the odd ones in each of the following groups and select the corre...

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  9. Diuresis is the condition in which

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  10. Which of the following sequences is correct regarding regulation of ki...

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  11. Which someone drinks lot of water, ADH release is suppressed.

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  12. Consider the following statement each with one or two blanks. (i). T...

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  13. Which of the following sequences is correct?

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  14. The function of renin is

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  15. The reabsorption of the sodium from glomerular filtrate is regulated b...

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  16. Angiotensinogen is a protein produced and secreted by

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  17. In urinary system, aldosterone takes part in retention (reabsorption) ...

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  18. What will happen if the stretch receptors of the urinary bladder wall ...

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  19. Consider the following statement each with two blanks. (i). Annelids...

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  20. Consider the following four statements (i).(iv) and select the option ...

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