The human ciculatory system can be thought of as a closed system of interconnecting pipes through which fluid is continuously circulated by two pumps the two pumps the right and left verticles of the heart, work as simple two-stroke force pumps. The muscles of the heart regulate the force by contracting and relaxing. the contraction (systole) lasts about 0.2s and a complete systole/diastole (contraction/relaxation) cycle lasts about 0.8s. For flood pressures and speeds in the normal range. the volume flow rate of blood through a blood vessel is directly proportional tot he pressure difference over a length of the vessel and to the fourth power of the radius of the vessel. The total mechanical energy per unit volume of blood just as it leaves the heart is `E//V=rhogh+P+rhov^(2)`
Q. Which of the following is a way to achieve approximately a 45% increase in the volume flow rate of blood through a blood vessel?

Options

A. increase the radius by 10%
B. increasse the cross-sectional area of the vessel by 10%
C. decrease the change in pressure by 10%
D. decrease the speed of flow by 10%

Answer

A