Out of N, O, Ne, Na, `Na^(+)` select the species which have maximum and minimum ionization energy.

Options

A. `Na^(+),Na`
B. `NO,Na`
C. `Na^(+)`,O
D. `Ne,N`

Explanation

To determine which species among N (Nitrogen), O (Oxygen), Ne (Neon), Na (Sodium), and Na⁺ (Sodium ion) has the maximum and minimum ionization energy, we will analyze their electronic configurations and stability.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understand Ionization Energy**:
- Ionization energy is the minimum energy required to remove the outermost electron from an isolated gaseous atom. The higher the ionization energy, the more energy is needed to remove an electron.

2. **Determine Electronic Configurations**:
- **Nitrogen (N)**: Atomic number = 7
- Electronic configuration: 1s² 2s² 2p³
- **Oxygen (O)**: Atomic number = 8
- Electronic configuration: 1s² 2s² 2p⁴
- **Neon (Ne)**: Atomic number = 10
- Electronic configuration: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ (Noble gas, fully filled)
- **Sodium (Na)**: Atomic number = 11
- Electronic configuration: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s¹
- **Sodium ion (Na⁺)**: Has lost one electron
- Electronic configuration: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ (same as Neon)

3. **Analyze Stability**:
- Neon has a complete octet (fully filled), making it very stable and requiring a high amount of energy to remove an electron.
- Sodium ion (Na⁺) also has a complete octet, but it has a higher effective nuclear charge due to having one more proton than electrons, leading to a stronger attraction to its electrons.
- Nitrogen has a half-filled 2p subshell (2p³), which is relatively stable but less so than a fully filled subshell.
- Oxygen has an incomplete subshell (2p⁴) and is less stable than both nitrogen and neon.
- Sodium has one electron in its outermost shell (3s¹), making it the least stable and requiring the least energy to remove that electron.

4. **Rank the Ionization Energies**:
- **Maximum Ionization Energy**: Na⁺ (due to high effective nuclear charge and complete octet)
- **Minimum Ionization Energy**: Na (due to having one electron in its outermost shell that it can easily lose)

### Conclusion:
- **Maximum Ionization Energy**: Na⁺
- **Minimum Ionization Energy**: Na