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STATEMENT-1 : When two isolated charged ...

STATEMENT-1 `:` When two isolated charged metal spheres are touched with each other potential energy of system may decrease.
and
STATEMENT-2 `:` There may be transfer of charge from one to other after touching.

A

Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True, Statement-2 is a correct explanation for Statement-1

B

Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True, Statement-2 is NOT a correct explanation for Statement-1

C

Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is False

D

Statement-1 is False , Statement-2 is True

Text Solution

AI Generated Solution

The correct Answer is:
To solve the given problem, we need to analyze both statements and determine their validity based on the principles of electrostatics. ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Understanding the System**: - We have two isolated charged metal spheres, Sphere 1 with charge \( Q_1 \) and Sphere 2 with charge \( Q_2 \). - Each sphere has a certain potential due to its charge. 2. **Potential of Each Sphere**: - The potential \( V \) of a charged sphere is given by the formula: \[ V = \frac{k \cdot Q}{r} \] where \( k \) is Coulomb's constant, \( Q \) is the charge, and \( r \) is the radius of the sphere. - If \( V_1 \) (potential of Sphere 1) is greater than \( V_2 \) (potential of Sphere 2), then \( V_1 > V_2 \). 3. **Touching the Spheres**: - When the two spheres are touched, they come to the same potential because they are conductors. This means charges will redistribute between the two spheres until \( V_1 = V_2 \). 4. **Charge Transfer**: - Due to the difference in potential, charge will flow from the sphere with higher potential to the sphere with lower potential until equilibrium is reached. - This transfer of charge can lead to a change in the total charge on each sphere. 5. **Potential Energy Change**: - The potential energy \( U \) of a system of charges can be expressed as: \[ U = \frac{1}{2} \sum_{i} \frac{Q_i^2}{C_i} \] where \( C_i \) is the capacitance of each sphere. - As the charges redistribute, the potential energy of the system may decrease because the system moves towards a state of lower potential energy. 6. **Conclusion**: - Since there is a transfer of charge and the potential energy of the system may decrease, both statements are correct. - Therefore, the conclusion is that the potential energy of the system may decrease when two isolated charged metal spheres are touched, and there is indeed a transfer of charge. ### Final Answer: Both statements are correct.
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