Assertion:The resting membrane of the neuron exhibits polarity of charges
Reason:The outer surface of the axonal membrane possesses a negative charge while its inner surface becomes positively charged.

Options

A. If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
B. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
C. If assertion is true but reason is false.
D. If both assertion and reason are false.

Explanation

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Assertion**: The assertion states that the resting membrane of a neuron exhibits polarity of charges. This means that there is a difference in electrical charge across the membrane when the neuron is not actively conducting a nerve impulse.

2. **Defining Resting Membrane Potential**: The resting membrane potential is the electrical potential difference across the neuronal membrane when the neuron is at rest. This potential arises due to the unequal distribution of ions across the membrane.

3. **Analyzing the Charges**: In a resting neuron, the inside of the axonal membrane has a higher concentration of negatively charged proteins and potassium ions (K+), while the outside has a higher concentration of positively charged sodium ions (Na+) and other cations.

4. **Identifying Charge Distribution**: Due to this distribution:
- The **inner surface** of the axonal membrane is negatively charged because of the presence of negatively charged proteins and high potassium ion concentration.
- The **outer surface** of the axonal membrane is positively charged due to the higher concentration of sodium ions and other cations in the extracellular fluid.

5. **Evaluating the Reason**: The reason provided states that the outer surface of the axonal membrane possesses a negative charge while its inner surface becomes positively charged. This is incorrect because, as established, the outer surface is positively charged and the inner surface is negatively charged.

6. **Conclusion**: Therefore, the assertion is correct (the resting membrane does exhibit polarity of charges), while the reason is incorrect (the charge distribution described is reversed).

### Final Answer:
- The assertion is true, and the reason is false. Thus, the correct answer is **C**.