Calculate the nearest distance of approach of an `alpha`-particle of energy 2.5 Me V being scattered by a gold nucleus (Z=79).

Explanation

To calculate the nearest distance of approach of an alpha particle being scattered by a gold nucleus, we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Understand the Concept
The nearest distance of approach occurs when the kinetic energy of the alpha particle is completely converted into potential energy due to the electrostatic repulsion between the positively charged alpha particle and the gold nucleus.

### Step 2: Write the Energy Equations
We know that:
- Kinetic Energy (KE) of the alpha particle = 2.5 MeV
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