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Assertion: In a marine aquatic ecosystem...

Assertion: In a marine aquatic ecosystem, the biomass of phytoplanktons (producers) at any given time, is lower than the biomass of zooplanktons (primary consumers).
Reason: Phytoplanktons are consumed almost as rapidly as they are formed and thus have shorter life spans.

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A
In a marine aquatic ecosystem, the biomass of phytoplanktons (producers) is smaller than that of zooplanktons (primary consumers) and the biomass of zooplanktons is smaller than that of secondary consumers. This results in the inverted pyramid of biomass in an aquatic ecosystem. This shape is the consequence of the very short life spans of phytoplanktons, which are consumed almost as rapidly as they are formed.
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Knowledge Check

  • In most ecosystems, the biomass of a trophic level is higher than the biomass of its predators, as illustrated below by an upright pyramid of biomass. In the open ocean, however, the biomass of primary producers (microscopic algae) is often lower than the biomass of higher trophic levels (for example, zooplankton and fish), as illustrated below by an inverted pyramid of biomass, in the open ocean, how can there be enough food to support the higher trophic levels? Remember— The width of the bars indicates the amount of biomass at each trophic level.

    A
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    B
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    A
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