In fruits flies, long wing is dominant to vestigial wing. When heterozygous long-winged flies were crossed with vestigial-winged flies, 192 offsprings were produced. If an exact Mendelian ratio had been obtained, then the number of each phenotype would have been

Options

A. `{:("Long-winged Vestigial-winged"),(" 64 128"):}`
B. `{:("Long-winged Vestigial-winged"),(" 96 96"):}`
C. `{:("Long-winged Vestigial-winged"),(" 128 64"):}`
D. `{:("Long-winged Vestigial-winged"),(" 192 0"):}`

Explanation

To solve the problem, we will follow these steps:

### Step 1: Identify the Genotypes
In fruit flies, long wings (L) are dominant over vestigial wings (l). The heterozygous long-winged flies have the genotype Ll (one dominant allele and one recessive allele), while the vestigial-winged flies have the genotype ll (two recessive alleles).

### Step 2: Set Up the Cross
We are crossing heterozygous long-winged flies (Ll) with vestigial-winged flies (ll). This can be represented as:
- Parent 1: Ll (long-winged)
- Parent 2: ll (vestigial-winged)

### Step 3: Determine the Possible Offspring Genotypes
Using a Punnett square, we can determine the possible genotypes of the offspring:
- From the Ll parent, the alleles can be L or l.
- From the ll parent, the alleles can only be l.

The Punnett square will look like this:

| | l | l |
|-------|-------|-------|
| **L** | Ll | Ll |
| **l** | ll | ll |

From this, we can see that the possible genotypes of the offspring are:
- Ll (long-winged)
- ll (vestigial-winged)

### Step 4: Calculate the Phenotypic Ratio
From the Punnett square, we can see that:
- 2 out of 4 offspring (or 50%) will be Ll (long-winged).
- 2 out of 4 offspring (or 50%) will be ll (vestigial-winged).

This gives us a phenotypic ratio of 1:1.

### Step 5: Calculate the Number of Each Phenotype
Given that there are 192 offspring produced, we can calculate the number of each phenotype:
- Long-winged (Ll): 50% of 192 = 192 / 2 = 96
- Vestigial-winged (ll): 50% of 192 = 192 / 2 = 96

### Final Answer
Therefore, if an exact Mendelian ratio had been obtained, the number of each phenotype would have been:
- Long-winged flies: 96
- Vestigial-winged flies: 96

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