Which of the following is not a tool of genetic engineering ?

Options

A. Cloning vector
B. Restriction enzyme
C. Foreign DNA
D. GMO

Explanation

To determine which of the following is not a tool of genetic engineering, we need to analyze each option provided:

1. **Cloning Vector**:
- A cloning vector is a DNA molecule used to carry foreign DNA into a host cell. It acts as a carrier for the gene of interest, allowing it to be replicated and expressed in the host organism.
- **Conclusion**: This is a tool of genetic engineering.

2. **Restriction Enzyme**:
- Restriction enzymes are proteins that cut DNA at specific sequences. They are essential for manipulating DNA, as they allow scientists to cut and paste genes in the process of genetic engineering.
- **Conclusion**: This is also a tool of genetic engineering.

3. **Foreign DNA**:
- Foreign DNA refers to DNA that originates from a different organism. It is the DNA that is introduced into a host organism to create a genetically modified organism (GMO).
- **Conclusion**: This is considered a tool in genetic engineering as it is necessary for the process of gene modification.

4. **GMO (Genetically Modified Organism)**:
- GMOs are the end products of genetic engineering. They are organisms whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques. While they result from genetic engineering, they are not tools used in the process.
- **Conclusion**: This is not a tool of genetic engineering; it is a product of the process.

Based on this analysis, the option that is not a tool of genetic engineering is **GMO**.

**Final Answer**: D) GMO