After completion of the biosynthetic stage in the bioreactors, the product undergoes separation and purification processes, collectively termed as

Options

A. transformation
B. electrophoresis
C. downstream processing
D. upstream processing

Explanation

**Step-by-Step Text Solution:**

1. **Understanding the Context**: In bioreactors, after the biosynthetic stage where the desired product is produced, the next phase involves processing the product for further use.

2. **Identifying the Processes**: The processes that follow the biosynthetic stage include separation and purification of the product. These processes are crucial for obtaining the final product in a usable form.

3. **Defining Key Terms**:
- **Transformation**: This refers to making cells competent to take up foreign DNA, which is not relevant to the context of product processing.
- **Electrophoresis**: This is a technique used to separate molecules based on size using an electric field, but it is not the overarching term for the processes following biosynthesis.
- **Downstream Processing**: This term specifically refers to the separation and purification processes that occur after the biosynthetic stage in bioreactors.
- **Upstream Processing**: This involves the initial stages of culturing cells or organisms before the biosynthetic stage.

4. **Conclusion**: Based on the definitions and context provided, the correct term for the separation and purification processes following the biosynthetic stage in bioreactors is **downstream processing**.

5. **Final Answer**: Therefore, the answer to the question is **downstream processing**.

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