When a species becomes extinct, the plant and animal species associated with it in an obligatory way also become extinct. This phenomenon is referred to as

Options

A. fragmentation
B. alien species invasion
C. over-exploitation
D. co-extinction

Answer

D

Explanation

Extinction of one species automatically causes extinction of the other species in certain obligatory mutualistic relationships. This is called co-extinction, e.g., mutualism between Pronuba yuccasella and Yucca.