The exhibition of various oxidation states by an element is also related to the outer orbital electornic configuration of its atom. Atom(s) having which of the following outermost electronic confjigurations will exhibit more than one oxidation state in its compounds

Explanation

Elements which have only s electrons in the vallence shell do not show more than one oxidation state thus elelment with 3s as outer electronic configuration shows only on e oxidation state of +I shows variable oxidation states of +2,+3and +4
p block elements also show variable oxidation states due ot number of reasons such as invoveemtn of d orbitals and inert air efect for example element (d) with `3s^(2)3P^(3)` as as the outer electronic configuration show variable oxidation state of +3 and +5 due to involvement of d orbitals thus option (v) ,(c) and (d) are correct