Statement 1 `HNOO_(2)` acts both as an oxidising as well as reducing agent
Statement 2 The O.N of N can increase above +3 and can also decrease below +3

Options

A. Statement 1 is true statement 2 is true , statement 2 is a corrrect explanation for statement 1
B. Statement 1 is true statement 2 is true statement 2 is not a correct explanation for statement 1
C. Statement 1 is true statement 2 is false
D. Statement 1 is false statement 2 is true

Explanation

To analyze the statements regarding HNO₂ (Nitrous acid), we will break down the information step by step.

### Step 1: Understanding HNO₂
HNO₂ is known as nitrous acid. It contains nitrogen (N) in its molecular structure. The oxidation state (O.N) of nitrogen in HNO₂ needs to be determined first.

### Step 2: Determine the Oxidation State of Nitrogen in HNO₂
In HNO₂, we can assign oxidation states as follows:
- Hydrogen (H) has an O.N of +1.
- Each oxygen (O) has an O.N of -2.

The overall charge of the molecule is neutral (0). Therefore, we can set up the equation:
\[ \text{O.N of N} + 1 + 2(-2) = 0 \]
This simplifies to:
\[ \text{O.N of N} + 1 - 4 = 0 \]
\[ \text{O.N of N} - 3 = 0 \]
Thus, the O.N of nitrogen in HNO₂ is +3.

### Step 3: Analyzing Statement 1
Statement 1 claims that HNO₂ acts both as an oxidizing agent and a reducing agent.
- **As an oxidizing agent**: HNO₂ can oxidize other substances, meaning it can accept electrons and increase the oxidation state of nitrogen (e.g., converting to HNO₃ where N is +5).
- **As a reducing agent**: HNO₂ can also donate electrons to other substances, which means it can decrease its oxidation state (e.g., converting to N₂O or NH₃ where N is in a lower oxidation state).

### Step 4: Analyzing Statement 2
Statement 2 states that the oxidation number of nitrogen can increase above +3 and can also decrease below +3.
- **Increase above +3**: As previously mentioned, HNO₂ can be oxidized to HNO₃, where nitrogen has an oxidation state of +5.
- **Decrease below +3**: HNO₂ can be reduced to compounds like N₂O (where nitrogen has an O.N of +1) or NH₃ (where nitrogen has an O.N of -3).

### Conclusion
Both statements are true:
- Statement 1 is true because HNO₂ can act as both an oxidizing and reducing agent.
- Statement 2 is true because the oxidation state of nitrogen in HNO₂ can indeed increase above +3 and decrease below +3.

### Final Answer
Both Statement 1 and Statement 2 are true.

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