Assertion `Fe_(3)O_(4)` contains iron atoms in two different oxidation number
Reason `Fe^(2+)` ions decoloruize `KMnO_(4)` solution

Options

A. If both assertion and reasn are true and reason is the true explanation of the assertion
B. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the true explanation of the assertion
C. If assertion is true but reason is false
D. If both assertion and reason are false

Explanation

To solve the assertion and reason question, we will analyze both the assertion and the reason step by step.

### Step 1: Understand the Assertion
The assertion states that \( \text{Fe}_3\text{O}_4 \) contains iron atoms in two different oxidation states.

- **Analysis**:
- \( \text{Fe}_3\text{O}_4 \) can be represented as a combination of \( \text{FeO} \) (where iron is in the +2 oxidation state) and \( \text{Fe}_2\text{O}_3 \) (where iron is in the +3 oxidation state).
- Therefore, in \( \text{Fe}_3\text{O}_4 \), there are two iron atoms in the +3 oxidation state and one iron atom in the +2 oxidation state.

### Conclusion for Step 1:
The assertion is **true** because \( \text{Fe}_3\text{O}_4 \) indeed contains iron in two different oxidation states: +2 and +3.

### Step 2: Understand the Reason
The reason states that \( \text{Fe}^{2+} \) ions decolorize \( \text{KMnO}_4 \) solution.

- **Analysis**:
- \( \text{KMnO}_4 \) is a strong oxidizing agent and is purple in color. When \( \text{Fe}^{2+} \) ions are added to it, they reduce \( \text{MnO}_4^- \) (the permanganate ion) to \( \text{Mn}^{2+} \), which is colorless.
- The reaction can be represented as:
\[ \text{MnO}_4^- + 8\text{H}^+ + 5\text{Fe}^{2+} \rightarrow \text{Mn}^{2+} + 4\text{H}_2\text{O} + 5\text{Fe}^{3+} \]
- This confirms that \( \text{Fe}^{2+} \) does indeed decolorize the purple \( \text{KMnO}_4 \) solution.

### Conclusion for Step 2:
The reason is **true** because \( \text{Fe}^{2+} \) ions can decolorize \( \text{KMnO}_4 \) solution.

### Step 3: Evaluate the Relationship Between Assertion and Reason
- While both the assertion and the reason are true, the reason does not explain why \( \text{Fe}_3\text{O}_4 \) contains iron in two different oxidation states. The reason discusses the behavior of \( \text{Fe}^{2+} \) ions with \( \text{KMnO}_4 \), which is unrelated to the assertion about the oxidation states in \( \text{Fe}_3\text{O}_4 \).

### Final Conclusion:
Both the assertion and the reason are true, but the reason is not the correct explanation for the assertion. Therefore, the correct option is:
**Assertion and Reason are both true, but the Reason is not the correct explanation of the Assertion.**

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