How many isomeric amines can have the formula `C_(4)H_(11)N-`

Options

A. Five
B. SIX
C. SEVEN
D. EIGHT

Explanation

To determine the number of isomeric amines with the formula C₄H₁₁N, we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Identify the Degree of Unsaturation
The degree of unsaturation (DU) can be calculated using the formula:
\[ \text{DU} = \frac{2C + 2 + N - H}{2} \]
Where:
- C = number of carbon atoms
- N = number of nitrogen atoms
- H = number of hydrogen atoms

For C₄H₁₁N:
- C = 4
- H = 11
- N = 1

Substituting these values into the formula:
\[ \text{DU} = \frac{2(4) + 2 + 1 - 11}{2} = \frac{8 + 2 + 1 - 11}{2} = \frac{0}{2} = 0 \]

### Step 2: Determine the Structure of Amines
Since the degree of unsaturation is 0, this means there are no rings or double bonds in the structure. Therefore, we are dealing with saturated amines.

### Step 3: Identify Possible Isomers
Amines can be classified as primary (1°), secondary (2°), and tertiary (3°) based on the number of carbon groups attached to the nitrogen atom.

1. **Primary Amines (1°)**: The nitrogen is attached to one carbon atom.
- Butylamine (C₄H₉NH₂)
- Isobutylamine (C₄H₉NH₂)
- Sec-butylamine (C₄H₉NH₂)

2. **Secondary Amines (2°)**: The nitrogen is attached to two carbon atoms.
- Diethylamine (C₄H₉NH)
- Isopropylamine (C₄H₉NH)

3. **Tertiary Amines (3°)**: The nitrogen is attached to three carbon atoms.
- Trimethylamine (C₄H₉N)

### Step 4: Count the Isomers
Now, we will count the unique structural isomers:
- **Primary Amines**: 2 isomers (Butylamine and Isobutylamine)
- **Secondary Amines**: 2 isomers (Diethylamine and Isopropylamine)
- **Tertiary Amines**: 1 isomer (Trimethylamine)

### Conclusion
Adding these together gives us a total of:
- 2 (primary) + 2 (secondary) + 1 (tertiary) = **5 isomeric amines**.

### Final Answer
The total number of isomeric amines with the formula C₄H₁₁N is **5**.

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