Low spin complex is formed by :

Options

A. `sp^(3)d^(2)` hybridization
B. `sp^(3)d` hybridization
C. `d^(2)sp^(3)` hybridization
D. `sp^(3)` hybridization

Answer

To determine which type of complex forms a low spin configuration, we need to analyze the characteristics of low spin complexes and the factors that influence their formation.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Low Spin Complexes**:
- Low spin complexes are characterized by having fewer unpaired electrons. This occurs when the electrons are paired up in the lower energy orbitals due to the influence of strong field ligands.

2. **Identifying the Role of Ligands**:
- Strong field ligands cause a significant splitting of the d-orbitals in transition metal complexes. This splitting leads to the pairing of electrons in the lower energy orbitals (t2g) before they occupy the higher energy orbitals (eg).

3. **Electron Configuration**:
- For a d6 configuration, in the presence of a strong field ligand, all six electrons will pair up in the t2g orbitals, resulting in a low spin state.
- Conversely, in the presence of weak field ligands, the electrons will occupy the higher energy orbitals before pairing, leading to a high spin state.

4. **Hybridization in Low Spin Complexes**:
- In octahedral complexes, the hybridization can be d2sp3 or sp3d2. The d-orbitals involved in hybridization can be either the inner d-orbitals (3d) or the outer d-orbitals (4d).
- For low spin complexes, the inner d-orbitals participate in hybridization, which allows for pairing of electrons.

5. **Conclusion**:
- The formation of a low spin complex is associated with strong field ligands and hybridization involving inner d-orbitals. Therefore, the correct hybridization for a low spin complex is typically d2sp3.

### Final Answer:
Low spin complexes are formed by strong field ligands that lead to d2sp3 hybridization.