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Why do the number of organisms get decre...

Why do the number of organisms get decreased as we move from producer to different level of consumes?

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(1) As we move from producers to different levels of consumes the energy avaialble will decrease gradually.
(2) Only ten percent of the enegy present in one tropic level transfer to another tropic level.
(3) As there is less energy and less biomass available at top levels, number of organisms also less, generally.
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