In neutron-induced fission of `._(92)^(235)U` (235.044amu) two stable end products usually formed are `._(42)^(98)Mo` (97.905amu) and `._(54)^(136)Xe` usually formed (135.917 amu. Assuming that these isotopes have come from the original fisiion process, find (i) what elementary particles are released (ii) mass defect of the reaction (iii) the equivalent energy released.

Consider one of the fission reactions of U^(235) by thernmal neutrons : ._(92)U^(235) + n rarr ._(38)Sr^(94) + ._(54)Ce^(140) + 2n The fission fragments are, however, not stable. They unaergo successive beta- decays unit ._(38)Sr^(94) becomes ._(40)Zr^(94) and ._(54)Xe^(140) becomes ._(58)Ce^(140) . Estimate the total energy released in the process. Is all that energy available as kinetic energy of the fission products (Zr and Ce)? You are given that m (U^(235)) = 255.0439 am u," " m_(n) = 1.00866 am u " " m(Zr^(94)) = 93.9065 am u, " " m(Ce^(140)) = 139.9055 am u

Following reactions are known as inverse beta decay p+vecvrarrn+e^(+) n+vrarrp+e^(-) These reactions have extremely low probabilities. Because of this, neutrinos and antineutrinos are able to pass through vast amount of matter without any interaction. In an experiment to detect neutrinos, large number of neutrinos coming out from beta decays of a radioactive material were made to pass through a tank of water, containing a cadmium compound in solution, which provided the protons to interact with antineutrinos, which provided the protons to interact with antineutrinos. Immediately after a proton absorbed a neutrino to yield a positron and a neutron, the positron encountered an electron and both got annihilated. the gamma ray detectors surrounding the tanks responded to the resulting photons. This confirmed that the above reaction has taken place. (a) How many gamma ray photons are produced when a electron annihilates with a positron? What is energy of each photon? Take the mass of an electron to be 0.00055 u. (b) The neutron produced in the above reaction was captured by .^(112)Cd to form .^(113)Cd . The atomic masses of these two isotopes of cadmium are are 111.9028u and 112.9044u respectively. mass of a neutron is 1.0087u. find the Q value of this reaction. Assume half of this energy is excitation energ of .^(113)Cd . if the nucleus de-excites by emitting a gamma ray photon find its wavelenght.

Limiting reactant: Urea [(NH_(2))_(2) CO] used as ferlilzer as animal feed, and in polymer industry, is prepared by the reaction between ammonia and carbon dioxide: 2NH_(3)(g) + CO_(2) (g) rarr (NH_(2))_(2) CO(aq.) + H_(2) O(1) In one process , 637.2g of NH_(3) is allowed to react with 11.42g of CO_(2) (i) Which of the two reactants is the limiting reactant? (ii) Calculate the mass of (NH_(2))_(2) CO formed? (iii) How much of the excess reagent (in grams) is left at the end of the reaction? Strategy: (i) Since we cannot tell by inspection which of the two recantants is the limiting reacant, we have to procced by first converting their masses into number of moles. Take each reactnat in turn and ask how many moles of product (urea) would be obtained if each were completely consumed. The reactant that gives the smaller number of moles of producet is the limiting reactant. (ii) Convert the moles of product obtained to grams of product. (iii) From the moles of product, calculate to grams fo excess reactant needed int he reaction. Then subtract this qunitity from the grams of the reactant available to find the quanity of the excess reactant remaining.

U-235 is decayed by bombardment by neutron as according to the equation: ._(92)U^(235) + ._(0)n^(1) rarr ._(42)Mo^(98) + ._(54)Xe^(136) + x ._(-1)e^(0) + y ._(0)n^(1) Calculate the value of x and y and the energy released per uranium atom fragmented (neglect the mass of electron). Given masses (amu) U-235 = 235.044 , Xe = 135.907, Mo = 97.90, e = 5.5 xx 10^(-4), n = 1.0086 .

When slow neutrons are incident on a target containing underset(92)overset(235).U , a possible fission reaction is underset(92)overset(235).U+underset(0)overset(1).nrarr underset(56)overset(141).Ba+underset(36)overset(92).Kr+3_(0)^(1)n Estimate the amount of energy released using the following data Given, mass of underset(92)overset(235).U=235.04 amu , mass of underset(0)overset(1).n=1.0087 amu , mass of underset(56)overset(141).Ba=140.91 amu , mass of underset(36)overset(92).Kr=91.926 amu , and energy equivalent to 1 amu=931 MeV.

Calculate the total energy released during a fission reaction . The resulting fission fragements are unstable hence, decay into stable and products and by sucessive emission of beta -particles . Take mass of neutron = 1.0087 amu , mass of =236.0526 amu, mass of =97.9054 amu and mass of =135.9170 amu.