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The only cations present in the slightly...

The only cations present in the slightly acidic solution are `Fe^(3+),Zn^(2+) and Cu^(2+)`. The reagent that when added in exess to this solution would identify and separate `Fe^(3+)` in one step is:

A

2M HCl

B

6M `NH_(3)`

C

6M NaOH

D

`H_(2)S` gas

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AI Generated Solution

The correct Answer is:
To solve the problem of identifying and separating `Fe^(3+)` from a solution containing `Fe^(3+)`, `Zn^(2+)`, and `Cu^(2+)`, we need to find a reagent that will precipitate `Fe^(3+)` while keeping `Zn^(2+)` and `Cu^(2+)` in solution. ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Identify the Cations**: The cations present in the solution are `Fe^(3+)`, `Zn^(2+)`, and `Cu^(2+)`. We need to separate `Fe^(3+)` from the others. 2. **Choose a Suitable Reagent**: We need a reagent that will selectively precipitate `Fe^(3+)` while keeping `Zn^(2+)` and `Cu^(2+)` soluble. 3. **Consider Common Reagents**: - **HCl**: When hydrochloric acid (HCl) is added, `Cu^(2+)` forms a precipitate of `CuCl2`, which is not desired. - **NH3**: Ammonia (NH3) is a better option. In the presence of excess NH3, `Zn^(2+)` remains soluble as `[Zn(NH3)4]^(2+)` complex, and `Cu^(2+)` can form a soluble complex as well. However, `Fe^(3+)` will precipitate as `Fe(OH)3`. 4. **Precipitation Reaction**: When excess NH3 is added to the solution, `Fe^(3+)` reacts to form `Fe(OH)3`, which is insoluble and precipitates out of the solution: \[ Fe^{3+} + 3OH^- \rightarrow Fe(OH)_3 \downarrow \] 5. **Final Result**: Thus, the reagent that can be added in excess to identify and separate `Fe^(3+)` from the solution is **6 Molar Ammonia (NH3)**. ### Conclusion: The answer to the question is that the reagent that can be added in excess to separate `Fe^(3+)` is **6 Molar NH3**.
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